{"id":7808,"date":"2012-10-19T11:06:54","date_gmt":"2012-10-19T09:06:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/olivierpere.wordpress.com\/?p=7808"},"modified":"2013-08-04T13:16:32","modified_gmt":"2013-08-04T12:16:32","slug":"united-red-army-de-koji-wakamatsu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/2012\/10\/19\/united-red-army-de-koji-wakamatsu\/","title":{"rendered":"United Red Army de Koji Wakamatsu"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"<\/a>

United Red Army<\/p><\/div>\n

Nous sommes loin d\u2019avoir vu tous les films (103) r\u00e9alis\u00e9s par Koji Wakamatsu, mais United Red Army<\/i> (Jitsuroku Rengo Sekigun: Asama sanso e no michi<\/i>, 2007) est celui que nous pr\u00e9f\u00e9rons et qui nous a fait la plus forte impression. Son retentissement international, sans commune mesure avec les nombreux films pr\u00e9c\u00e9dents de Wakamatsu, fut enti\u00e8rement m\u00e9rit\u00e9 car il saluait \u00e0 la fois l\u2019importance et l\u2019ambition d\u2019un film en particulier et l\u2019\u0153uvre d\u2019un cin\u00e9aste courageux et obstin\u00e9 dans sa d\u00e9marche cin\u00e9matographique. Ce film monstre marqua le retour en force de Koji Wakamatsu, cin\u00e9aste marginal et subversif associ\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9rotisme des ann\u00e9es 60, et que la critique avait perdu de vue malgr\u00e9 son activit\u00e9 toujours intense. United Red Army<\/i> s\u2019impose comme une sorte de monument de plus de trois heures sur une des pages les plus tragiques de l\u2019histoire moderne du Japon. Un devoir de col\u00e8re plus que de m\u00e9moire, motiv\u00e9 par le besoin de retrouver la v\u00e9rit\u00e9 d\u2019un drame qui fit l\u2019objet de trop de r\u00e9cup\u00e9rations, y compris au cin\u00e9ma.
\nLe film propose dans sa premi\u00e8re partie une chronologie d\u00e9taill\u00e9e de l\u2019extr\u00eame gauche japonaise \u00e0 partir de 1960. La radicalisation de la contestation \u00e9tudiante va d\u00e9boucher sur la cr\u00e9ation de groupuscules d\u2019extr\u00eame gauche, parmi lesquels l\u2019Arm\u00e9e rouge unifi\u00e9e. Le recours aux images d\u2019archives dispara\u00eet peu \u00e0 peu et la reconstitution fictionnelle s\u2019installe. Le film nous montre l\u2019entr\u00e9e en clandestinit\u00e9 du groupe qui se r\u00e9fugie dans un chalet en montagne, pour pr\u00e9parer la r\u00e9volution, mais aussi v\u00e9rifier la loyaut\u00e9 de ses membres au cours d\u2019autocritiques muscl\u00e9es, caricatures absurdes des proc\u00e8s staliniens ou mao\u00efstes. Le film s\u2019enfonce alors dans un huis clos hallucinant et cauchemardesque. Les interrogatoires vont se transformer en v\u00e9ritables s\u00e9ances de\u00a0tortures collectives aux cours desquelles quatorze jeunes \u00e9tudiants, soup\u00e7onn\u00e9s de tra\u00eetrise ou de mollesse, perdront la vie. En 1972, l\u2019Arm\u00e9e rouge unifi\u00e9e organise une prise d\u2019otage dans un chalet. Cette action d\u00e9sesp\u00e9r\u00e9e tiendra le Japon en haleine plusieurs heures et sera retransmise en direct et en continu par la t\u00e9l\u00e9vision nationale. Un \u00e9v\u00e9nement sans pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent, sans doute \u00ab\u00a0mis en sc\u00e8ne\u00a0\u00bb par la police et dont l\u2019issue sanglante sonnera le glas de toute la gauche japonaise, totalement d\u00e9cr\u00e9dibilis\u00e9e aux yeux de l\u2019opinion.<\/p>\n

La dimension didactique du film, entre th\u00e9\u00e2tralit\u00e9 et reconstitution, \u00e9voque le projet t\u00e9l\u00e9visuel rossellinien, encyclop\u00e9dique et humaniste. \u00c0 la diff\u00e9rence que Wakamatsu, compagnon de route de l\u2019extr\u00eame gauche \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque des faits, enregistre les minutes d\u2019une catastrophe annonc\u00e9e, d\u2019un traumatisme national, d\u2019un d\u00e9r\u00e8glement vicieux des id\u00e9aux r\u00e9volutionnaires. On comprend que ces exc\u00e8s criminels de puret\u00e9 sont les cons\u00e9quences des pathologies politiques et sexuelles charri\u00e9es par le monstrueux couple de petits chefs qui dirige le groupe.<\/p>\n

\"United<\/a>

United Red Army<\/p><\/div>\n

United Red Army<\/i> vient confirmer que les s\u00e9ries B de Wakamatsu \u00e9taient d\u00e9j\u00e0 des t\u00e9moignages exacts d\u2019une certaine forme de violence politique. Le cin\u00e9aste n\u2019a jamais exalt\u00e9 le sexe comme force libertaire, il a mis en sc\u00e8ne des all\u00e9gories o\u00f9 des pratiques d\u00e9viantes reproduisent les processus de soumission et de destruction politico-\u00e9conomiques. Nous ne sommes pas loin du Sal\u00f2<\/i> de Pasolini. Un chef-d\u2019\u0153uvre de l\u2019\u00e8re num\u00e9rique, qui d\u00e9cortique une \u00e9poque et un fait-divers pour tenter de comprendre le fanatisme.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nous sommes loin d\u2019avoir vu tous les films (103) r\u00e9alis\u00e9s par Koji Wakamatsu, mais United Red Army (Jitsuroku Rengo Sekigun:\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":116,"featured_media":10546,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[3],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nUnited Red Army de Koji Wakamatsu - Olivier P\u00e8re<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/2012\/10\/19\/united-red-army-de-koji-wakamatsu\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"United Red Army de Koji Wakamatsu - Olivier P\u00e8re\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Nous sommes loin d\u2019avoir vu tous les films (103) r\u00e9alis\u00e9s par Koji Wakamatsu, mais United Red Army (Jitsuroku Rengo Sekigun:\u2026\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/2012\/10\/19\/united-red-army-de-koji-wakamatsu\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Olivier P\u00e8re\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2012-10-19T09:06:54+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2013-08-04T12:16:32+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/files\/2012\/10\/united-red-army-51-1024x682.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"682\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Olivier P\u00e8re\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Olivier P\u00e8re\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/2012\/10\/19\/united-red-army-de-koji-wakamatsu\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/2012\/10\/19\/united-red-army-de-koji-wakamatsu\/\",\"name\":\"United Red Army de Koji Wakamatsu - 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