{"id":21712,"date":"2018-01-07T10:56:38","date_gmt":"2018-01-07T09:56:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/?p=21712"},"modified":"2018-01-14T10:57:06","modified_gmt":"2018-01-14T09:57:06","slug":"lettres-diwo-jima-de-clint-eastwood","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/2018\/01\/07\/lettres-diwo-jima-de-clint-eastwood\/","title":{"rendered":"Lettres d\u2019Iwo Jima de Clint Eastwood"},"content":{"rendered":"

ARTE diffuse Lettres d\u2019Iwo Jima<\/em> (Letters from Iwo Jima<\/em>, 2006) de Clint Eastwood lundi 15 janvier \u00e0 20h55. Ce film propose le contre-champ de M\u00e9moires de nos p\u00e8res<\/em>, en racontant la bataille d\u2019Iwo Jima du point de vu japonais. Il faut saluer la d\u00e9marche de Clint Eastwood qui pensait au d\u00e9part confier la r\u00e9alisation du deuxi\u00e8me volet de son diptyque \u00e0 un metteur en sc\u00e8ne japonais \u2013 il cherchait un \u00ab\u00a0Akira Kurosawa d\u2019aujourd\u2019hui\u00a0\u00bb – avant de finalement s\u2019atteler lui-m\u00eame \u00e0 la tache. Jamais un cin\u00e9aste am\u00e9ricain n\u2019avait accord\u00e9 un film entier au camp des ennemis et des vaincus pendant la Guerre du Pacifique. Certes il y avait eu quelques films am\u00e9ricains mettant exclusivement en sc\u00e8ne des soldats allemands comme A l\u2019ouest rien de nouveau <\/em>de Lewis Milestone ou Croix de fer<\/em> de Peckinpah, mais ces derniers \u00e9taient tourn\u00e9s en anglais avec des acteurs am\u00e9ricains ou anglais. Eastwood (et son coproducteur Steven Spielberg) ont l\u2019audace de consacrer une production importante enti\u00e8rement interpr\u00e9t\u00e9e par des Japonais, et parl\u00e9e en Japonais. Le film a obtenu lors de sa sortie un succ\u00e8s mondial, et un triomphe au Japon. Ode \u00e0 la m\u00e9moire des troupes japonaises charg\u00e9es de d\u00e9fendre l\u2019\u00eele d\u2019Iwo Jima, territoire sacr\u00e9 de l\u2019empire nippon, au prix de pertes humaines \u00e9normes \u2013 plus de 20 000 soldats tu\u00e9s, soit la quasi totalit\u00e9 de la garnison \u2013 Lettes d\u2019Iwo Jima<\/em> est une nouvelle et v\u00e9h\u00e9mente illustration des horreurs de la guerre au travers de plusieurs destin\u00e9es individuelles, aux deux extr\u00e9mit\u00e9s de la hi\u00e9rarchie de l\u2019arm\u00e9e. En particulier le g\u00e9n\u00e9ral Tadachimi Kuribayachi nomm\u00e9 \u00e0 la t\u00eate des troupes charg\u00e9es de la d\u00e9fense de l\u2019\u00eele, et le jeune Saigo, simple fantassin. Tandis que Kuribayachi, officier exp\u00e9riment\u00e9 ayant v\u00e9cu aux Etats-Unis, d\u00e9barque sur l\u2019\u00eele en sachant qu\u2019elle sera son tombeau, Saigo refuse de se r\u00e9signer au sacrifice inhumain impos\u00e9 par ses sup\u00e9rieurs, et va tenter par tous les moyens de survivre. Cet instinct de vie est la lueur fr\u00eale et admirable d\u2019un film plong\u00e9 dans les t\u00e9n\u00e8bres de la mort et de la violence guerri\u00e8re. Eastwood insistait dans M\u00e9moires de nos p\u00e8res<\/em> sur les aspects les plus obsc\u00e8nes de la guerre, sans l\u00e9siner sur les images choquantes \u2013 soldats brul\u00e9s au lance-flamme, ou d\u00e9capit\u00e9s par les explosions. Lettres d\u2019Iwo Jima<\/em> poursuit cette d\u00e9marche en ajoutant \u00e0 l\u2019intensit\u00e9 des combats le poids de l\u2019exaltation nationaliste nippone, qui exhortait ses sujets au sacrifice personnel en cas de d\u00e9faite. Si M\u00e9moires de nos p\u00e8res<\/em> montrait les m\u00e9canismes de la propagande d\u2019\u00e9tat en temps de guerre avec l\u2019exploitation d\u2019une photographie transform\u00e9e en symbole, Lettres d\u2019Iwo Jima<\/em> s\u2019int\u00e9resse aux effets de cette propagande d\u00e9j\u00e0 install\u00e9e dans l\u2019esprit des soldats. L\u2019acm\u00e9 de cette r\u00e9flexion aboutit \u00e0 la sc\u00e8ne hallucinante o\u00f9 des soldats japonais se suicident l\u2019un apr\u00e8s l\u2019autre \u00e0 la grenade dans une grotte, sur les ordres de leur officier. En refusant cette culture de la mort et de l\u2019ob\u00e9issance aveugle, Saigo repr\u00e9sente aux yeux du r\u00e9alisateur le v\u00e9ritable courage et le triomphe de la vie, dans une arm\u00e9e constitu\u00e9e de fant\u00f4mes, de cadavres en sursis. Lettres d\u2019Iwo Jima<\/em> est sans doute le film le plus fun\u00e8bre de Clint Eastwood, hant\u00e9 par la mort de milliers d\u2019hommes, baign\u00e9 dans des t\u00e9n\u00e8bres s\u00e9pulcrales. C\u2019est aussi l\u2019un des plus beaux, sans doute le meilleur et le plus impressionnant de la derni\u00e8re partie de sa carri\u00e8re.<\/p>\n

\"Lettres

Lettres d’Iwo Jima<\/em> de Clint Eastwood<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

ARTE diffuse Lettres d\u2019Iwo Jima (Letters from Iwo Jima, 2006) de Clint Eastwood lundi 15 janvier \u00e0 20h55. 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