{"id":17910,"date":"2016-02-19T19:18:41","date_gmt":"2016-02-19T18:18:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/?p=17910"},"modified":"2016-02-22T19:22:38","modified_gmt":"2016-02-22T18:22:38","slug":"boulevard-du-crepuscule-de-billy-wilder","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/2016\/02\/19\/boulevard-du-crepuscule-de-billy-wilder\/","title":{"rendered":"Boulevard du cr\u00e9puscule de Billy Wilder"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Arte diffuse <em>Boulevard du cr\u00e9puscule<\/em> (<em>Sunset Boulevard<\/em>, 1950) de Billy Wilder lundi 7 mars \u00e0 20h55.<\/p>\n<p>Chef-d\u2019\u0153uvre du film noir, <em>Boulevard du cr\u00e9puscule<\/em> propose aussi un tableau impitoyable de l\u2019industrie du cin\u00e9ma hollywoodien. Ce classique absolu rappelle que l&rsquo;appellation film noir n\u2019\u00e9tait pas seulement une affaire de policiers, de gangsters et de d\u00e9tectives priv\u00e9s mais qualifiait avant tout un traitement violent et cruel d\u2019histoires dramatiques, un regard pessimiste sur le monde et les d\u00e9sirs humains, une atmosph\u00e8re sombre aux confins de l\u2019onirisme. <em>Boulevard du cr\u00e9puscule<\/em> est empreint de ces caract\u00e9ristiques, port\u00e9es \u00e0 leur paroxysme, au point d\u2019\u00eatre consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme l\u2019apog\u00e9e du film noir, huit ans avant les adieux d\u00e9finitifs au genre que constitue <em>La Soif du mal<\/em> de Orson Welles.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_17912\" style=\"width: 1210px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17912\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-17912\" src=\"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/files\/boulevard-du-crepuscule-1950-07-g.jpg\" alt=\"Gloria Swanson dans Boulevard du cr\u00e9puscule de Billy Wilder\" width=\"1200\" height=\"905\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/files\/boulevard-du-crepuscule-1950-07-g.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/files\/boulevard-du-crepuscule-1950-07-g-371x280.jpg 371w, https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/files\/boulevard-du-crepuscule-1950-07-g-768x579.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/files\/boulevard-du-crepuscule-1950-07-g-1018x768.jpg 1018w, https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/files\/boulevard-du-crepuscule-1950-07-g-580x437.jpg 580w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-17912\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gloria Swanson dans Boulevard du cr\u00e9puscule de Billy Wilder<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Billy Wilder et son sc\u00e9nariste et producteur Charles Brackett fr\u00f4lent la perfection tant au niveau de la mise en sc\u00e8ne que du r\u00e9cit, c\u00e9l\u00e8bre pour \u00eatre racont\u00e9 en voix off par un cadavre flottant dans une piscine, avec trois balles dans le corps. <em>Boulevard du cr\u00e9puscule <\/em>est donc constitu\u00e9 d\u2019un long flash back du point de vue d\u2019un mort qui narre aux spectateurs ses m\u00e9saventures dans l\u2019usine \u00e0 r\u00eave de Hollywood, et sa fatale rencontre avec un fant\u00f4me du pass\u00e9. Petit sc\u00e9nariste sans travail et poursuivi par les cr\u00e9anciers Joe Gillis (William Holden) trouve refuge dans un palais des ann\u00e9es 20 sur Sunset Blvd. La vaste demeure qui semblait \u00e0 l\u2019abandon est en fait habit\u00e9e par Norma Desmond (Gloria Swanson) star oubli\u00e9e du cin\u00e9ma muet et son unique domestique, Max (Erich von Stroheim). A moiti\u00e9 folle, tyrannique et possessive, recluse dans ses souvenirs de gloire, Norma Desmond esp\u00e8re encore faire son grand retour \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9cran sous la direction de son metteur en sc\u00e8ne pr\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9, Cecil B. De Mille. Pris au pi\u00e8ge du luxe et du chantage \u00e9motionnel, Gillis devient l\u2019amant de Norma. La transformation en gigolo du sc\u00e9nariste rat\u00e9 explicite la prostitution g\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9e qui r\u00e8gne \u00e0 Hollywood, o\u00f9 tous sont pr\u00eats \u00e0 se vendre corps et \u00e2me. <em>Boulevard du cr\u00e9puscule<\/em> suscitera l\u2019admiration imm\u00e9diate mais fera aussi grincer beaucoup de dents, nombreux seront choqu\u00e9s par ce portrait au vitriol des m\u0153urs hollywoodiennes. Cin\u00e9aste de la cruaut\u00e9 \u2013 y compris dans la plupart de ses com\u00e9dies \u2013 Wilder organise ici une mise en abyme dans laquelle plusieurs figures de Hollywood au temps du muet, d\u00e9chues (Buster Keaton, Stroheim) ou encore au sommet de leur puissance (Cecil B. De Mille) jouent leurs propres r\u00f4les, tandis que Gloria Swanson et Eric von Stroheim interpr\u00e8tent des personnages aux destin\u00e9es proches des leurs \u2013 Stroheim dirigea Swanson en 1929 dans <em>Queen Kelly<\/em>, dont le d\u00e9sastre commercial pr\u00e9cipita la chute du g\u00e9nial cin\u00e9aste, tandis que Swanson a r\u00e9ellement tourn\u00e9 plusieurs films sous la direction de De Mille. La fin du film bascule dans le cauchemar et le grotesque, dimensions qui seront explor\u00e9es par d\u2019autres titres majeurs provenant de la matrice de <em>Boulevard du cr\u00e9puscule <\/em>: <em>Qu\u2019est-il arriv\u00e9 \u00e0 Baby Jane?<\/em> et <em>Le D\u00e9mon des femmes<\/em> de Robert Aldrich, <em>Fedora<\/em> par Billy Wilder lui-m\u00eame, et plus r\u00e9cemment <em>Mulholland Drive<\/em> de David Lynch.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Arte diffuse Boulevard du cr\u00e9puscule (Sunset Boulevard, 1950) de Billy Wilder lundi 7 mars \u00e0 20h55. Chef-d\u2019\u0153uvre du film noir,\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":116,"featured_media":17911,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[8],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Boulevard du cr\u00e9puscule de Billy Wilder - Olivier P\u00e8re<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/2016\/02\/19\/boulevard-du-crepuscule-de-billy-wilder\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Boulevard du cr\u00e9puscule de Billy Wilder - Olivier P\u00e8re\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Arte diffuse Boulevard du cr\u00e9puscule (Sunset Boulevard, 1950) de Billy Wilder lundi 7 mars \u00e0 20h55. 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