{"id":11979,"date":"2014-04-16T03:12:12","date_gmt":"2014-04-16T02:12:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/?p=11979"},"modified":"2014-03-29T00:31:47","modified_gmt":"2014-03-28T23:31:47","slug":"scarface-de-howard-hawks","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/2014\/04\/16\/scarface-de-howard-hawks\/","title":{"rendered":"Scarface de Howard Hawks"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><i><\/i>Moonriver Entertainment ressort aujourd\u2019hui en salles et en copies neuves <i>Scarface<\/i> (1932) de Howard Hawks, sans grande controverse le meilleur &#8211; et le plus violent &#8211; film de gangsters des ann\u00e9es 30. Cette r\u00e9ussite \u00e9blouissante est le r\u00e9sultat de l\u2019association de trois fortes personnalit\u00e9s du cin\u00e9ma am\u00e9ricain de l\u2019\u00e9poque. Le producteur Howard Hugues, qui permit l\u2019aboutissement de ce projet audacieux en toute libert\u00e9 et en toute ind\u00e9pendance, le sc\u00e9nariste Ben Hecht, qui d\u00e9veloppa une mati\u00e8re journalistique (Al Capone comme mod\u00e8le transparent de scarface) en \u00e9tablissant un curieux parall\u00e8le entre l\u2019histoire du gangster et celles des Borgia (intrigues, meurtres, prises de pouvoir et m\u00eame inceste et folie) et enfin Hawks, qui abordait de fa\u00e7on extr\u00eamement brillante sa carri\u00e8res parlante et signe avec <i>Scarface <\/i>un de ses films les plus virtuoses. Hawks se fera un honneur par la suite d\u2019utiliser avec parcimonie et davantage de discr\u00e9tion la virtuosit\u00e9 technique dont il savait faire preuve d\u00e8s ses premiers films. <i>Scarface<\/i> s\u2019ouvre en effet sur un fameux plan s\u00e9quence et est fortement marqu\u00e9 par l\u2019expressionnisme et les jeux d\u2019ombres et de lumi\u00e8res, comme la majorit\u00e9 des grands films hollywoodiens de cette \u00e9poque. En revanche, Hawks est d\u00e9j\u00e0 affranchi de toute th\u00e9\u00e2tralit\u00e9 et de la psychologie. Muni et se acolytes s\u2019expriment uniquement par l\u2019action et la violence, en bons h\u00e9ros hawksiens. Ou plut\u00f4t en mauvais anti h\u00e9ros.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_11983\" style=\"width: 1210px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/fr\/olivierpere\/files\/2014\/04\/scarface-1932-02-g.jpg\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-11983\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11983\" alt=\"Scarface et sa soeur (Paul Muni et Ann Dvorak)\" src=\"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/fr\/olivierpere\/files\/2014\/04\/scarface-1932-02-g.jpg\" width=\"1200\" height=\"907\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/files\/2014\/04\/scarface-1932-02-g.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/files\/2014\/04\/scarface-1932-02-g-370x280.jpg 370w, https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/files\/2014\/04\/scarface-1932-02-g-1016x768.jpg 1016w, https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/files\/2014\/04\/scarface-1932-02-g-580x438.jpg 580w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-11983\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Scarface et sa soeur (Paul Muni et Ann Dvorak)<\/p><\/div>\n<p><i>Scarface<\/i> repr\u00e9sente l\u2019arch\u00e9type du film de gangsters, en m\u00eame temps qu\u2019une \u0153uvre curieusement atypique dans l\u2019\u0153uvre de Hawks, m\u00eame si ce dernier le citait souvent comme son film pr\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9. Cin\u00e9aste de l\u2019intelligence, Hawks filme un monde peupl\u00e9 de tar\u00e9s et de d\u00e9biles mentaux. Muni en t\u00eate, gorille psychopathe, qui meurt dans un acc\u00e8s de veulerie\u00a0; sa s\u0153ur, nymphomane qui finira par r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 l\u2019amour incestueux que lui voue son fr\u00e8re\u00a0; ses acolytes irr\u00e9cup\u00e9rables (parmi lesquels un analphab\u00e8te qui ne sait pas r\u00e9pondre au t\u00e9l\u00e9phone, c\u00e9l\u00e8bre \u00ab\u00a0running gag\u00a0\u00bb du film.) Les gangsters de Hawks sont b\u00eates et m\u00e9chants comme des gamins mal \u00e9lev\u00e9s, r\u00e9pondent aveuglement \u00e0 des pulsions de plaisir et de mort incontr\u00f4lables. <i>Scarface<\/i> est un monument de r\u00e9gression infantile, vingt ans avant que Hawks n\u2019en fasse le sujet d\u2019une de ses com\u00e9dies (<i>Ch\u00e9rie, je me sens rajeunir<\/i>.) Si les personnages de Hawks vont s\u2019assagir et vieillir en m\u00eame temps que lui, son style visuel va \u00e9galement s\u2019\u00e9purer. La mise en sc\u00e8ne de <i>Scarface<\/i> est d\u00e9j\u00e0 un mod\u00e8le de s\u00e9cheresse et de pr\u00e9cision, mais on est surpris par l\u2019insistance de motifs symboliques comme les fameuses croix qui barrent r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement l\u2019\u00e9cran, marques inf\u00e2mes condamnant les agissements crapuleux des protagonistes. Malgr\u00e9 le regard tr\u00e8s s\u00e9v\u00e8re et moqueur Hawks et de son sc\u00e9nariste sur le gangst\u00e9risme, le film fut victime de la censure qui exigea quelques sc\u00e8nes digressives, un sous-titre on ne peut plus clair (\u00ab\u00a0shame of a nation\u00a0\u00bb) et un carton moralisateur plaqu\u00e9s. Bref un chef-d\u2019\u0153uvre, mais \u00e9galement un film paradoxalement peu hawksien dans la filmographie de Hawks. Pas \u00e9tonnant, d\u00e8s lors, que De Palma, cin\u00e9aste pas hawksien pour un sou, r\u00e9alise en 1983 un remake de <i>Scarface<\/i>, un nouveau film g\u00e9nial nettement plus controvers\u00e9 que son mod\u00e8le. Mais ceci est une autre histoire.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_11981\" style=\"width: 1210px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/fr\/olivierpere\/files\/2014\/03\/scarface1.jpg\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-11981\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11981\" alt=\"George Raft et Paul Muni dans Scarface\" src=\"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/fr\/olivierpere\/files\/2014\/03\/scarface1.jpg\" width=\"1200\" height=\"865\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/files\/2014\/03\/scarface1.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/files\/2014\/03\/scarface1-388x280.jpg 388w, https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/files\/2014\/03\/scarface1-1024x738.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/files\/2014\/03\/scarface1-580x418.jpg 580w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-11981\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">George Raft et Paul Muni dans Scarface<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Moonriver Entertainment ressort aujourd\u2019hui en salles et en copies neuves Scarface (1932) de Howard Hawks, sans grande controverse le meilleur\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":116,"featured_media":11980,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[9],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Scarface de Howard Hawks - Olivier P\u00e8re<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/2014\/04\/16\/scarface-de-howard-hawks\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Scarface de Howard Hawks - Olivier P\u00e8re\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Moonriver Entertainment ressort aujourd\u2019hui en salles et en copies neuves Scarface (1932) de Howard Hawks, sans grande controverse le meilleur\u2026\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/2014\/04\/16\/scarface-de-howard-hawks\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Olivier P\u00e8re\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2014-04-16T02:12:12+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2014-03-28T23:31:47+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/files\/2014\/03\/scarface.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"893\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Olivier P\u00e8re\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Olivier P\u00e8re\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/2014\/04\/16\/scarface-de-howard-hawks\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/2014\/04\/16\/scarface-de-howard-hawks\/\",\"name\":\"Scarface de Howard Hawks - Olivier P\u00e8re\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2014-04-16T02:12:12+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2014-03-28T23:31:47+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/#\/schema\/person\/dc32cd6c79be95e52d43b97a74182558\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/2014\/04\/16\/scarface-de-howard-hawks\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/2014\/04\/16\/scarface-de-howard-hawks\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/2014\/04\/16\/scarface-de-howard-hawks\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Scarface de Howard Hawks\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/\",\"name\":\"Olivier P\u00e8re\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/#\/schema\/person\/dc32cd6c79be95e52d43b97a74182558\",\"name\":\"Olivier P\u00e8re\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/bdea7b6a2c195e2c41772429a9694758?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/bdea7b6a2c195e2c41772429a9694758?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Olivier P\u00e8re\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/author\/pereolivier\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Scarface de Howard Hawks - Olivier P\u00e8re","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/2014\/04\/16\/scarface-de-howard-hawks\/","og_locale":"fr_FR","og_type":"article","og_title":"Scarface de Howard Hawks - Olivier P\u00e8re","og_description":"Moonriver Entertainment ressort aujourd\u2019hui en salles et en copies neuves Scarface (1932) de Howard Hawks, sans grande controverse le meilleur\u2026","og_url":"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/2014\/04\/16\/scarface-de-howard-hawks\/","og_site_name":"Olivier P\u00e8re","article_published_time":"2014-04-16T02:12:12+00:00","article_modified_time":"2014-03-28T23:31:47+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1200,"height":893,"url":"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/files\/2014\/03\/scarface.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Olivier P\u00e8re","twitter_misc":{"\u00c9crit par":"Olivier P\u00e8re","Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e":"3 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/2014\/04\/16\/scarface-de-howard-hawks\/","url":"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/2014\/04\/16\/scarface-de-howard-hawks\/","name":"Scarface de Howard Hawks - Olivier P\u00e8re","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/#website"},"datePublished":"2014-04-16T02:12:12+00:00","dateModified":"2014-03-28T23:31:47+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/#\/schema\/person\/dc32cd6c79be95e52d43b97a74182558"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/2014\/04\/16\/scarface-de-howard-hawks\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"fr-FR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/2014\/04\/16\/scarface-de-howard-hawks\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/2014\/04\/16\/scarface-de-howard-hawks\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Scarface de Howard Hawks"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/","name":"Olivier P\u00e8re","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"fr-FR"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/#\/schema\/person\/dc32cd6c79be95e52d43b97a74182558","name":"Olivier P\u00e8re","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/bdea7b6a2c195e2c41772429a9694758?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/bdea7b6a2c195e2c41772429a9694758?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Olivier P\u00e8re"},"url":"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/author\/pereolivier\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11979"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/116"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11979"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11979\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11984,"href":"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11979\/revisions\/11984"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11980"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11979"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11979"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11979"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}