{"id":10217,"date":"2013-08-04T06:00:21","date_gmt":"2013-08-04T05:00:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/?p=10217"},"modified":"2013-07-05T14:43:19","modified_gmt":"2013-07-05T13:43:19","slug":"les-nuits-rouges-de-harlem-de-gordon-parks","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/2013\/08\/04\/les-nuits-rouges-de-harlem-de-gordon-parks\/","title":{"rendered":"Les Nuits rouges de Harlem de Gordon Parks"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/i>Dans le cadre de son \u00ab\u00a0Summer of Soul\u00a0\u00bb, ARTE diffuse ce soir \u00e0\u00a020h45 Les Nuits rouges de Harlem<\/i> (Shaft<\/i>, 1971). Historiquement c\u2019est un film important. Il s\u2019agit d\u2019un des premiers films de studios confi\u00e9s \u00e0 un cin\u00e9aste noir, le reporter-photographe Gordon Parks. C\u2019est aussi le titre \u00e9talon de la \u00ab\u00a0Blaxploitation\u00a0\u00bb, avec Sweet Sweetback\u2019s Baad Asssss Song<\/i> de Melvin Van Pebbles, r\u00e9alis\u00e9 la m\u00eame ann\u00e9e. Ces titres s\u00e9minaux repr\u00e9sentent les deux versants de la Blaxploitation, et leur succ\u00e8s ph\u00e9nom\u00e9nal au box-office va engendrer une horde de rejetons d\u00e9viants. Tandis que le br\u00fblot de Van Pebbles est une production ind\u00e9pendante tr\u00e8s radicale dans son propos et sa forme, reprenant l\u2019h\u00e9ritage politique de Malcolm X pour proposer une image rebelle et orgueilleuse de l\u2019homme noir, et se r\u00e9approprier le langage cin\u00e9matographique confisqu\u00e9 par Hollywood et la supr\u00e9matie blanche, Les Nuits rouges de Harlem<\/i> offre une version \u00ab noire\u00a0\u00bb du film de d\u00e9tective traditionnel, avec son lot de conventions et de clich\u00e9s. Shaft (interpr\u00e9t\u00e9 par Richard Roundtree, moins charismatique que Fred \u00ab\u00a0Black Caesar\u00a0\u00bb Williamson) est donc l\u2019alter ego noir de Mike Hammer et Sam Spade. Il est juste un peu plus viril et \u00ab\u00a0cool\u00a0\u00bb. Une histoire d\u2019enl\u00e8vement le fait croiser la police, la p\u00e8gre de Harlem et les Black Panthers, qui unissent leurs efforts pour emp\u00eacher l\u2019infiltration de la mafia dans les quartiers noirs de New York. Aussi \u00e0 l\u2019aise dans les commissariats que les repaires d\u2019activistes, Shaft joue davantage les m\u00e9diateurs que les justiciers. Il est du bon c\u00f4t\u00e9 de la loi et de la morale, tandis que la \u00ab\u00a0Blaxploitation\u00a0\u00bb \u00e9rigera souvent en ic\u00f4nes subversives des tueuses (Foxy Brown<\/i>), des gangsters (Black Caesar, le parrain noir de Harlem<\/i>) des maquereaux (The Mack<\/i>) ou des dealers (Superfly<\/i>), plus proche en cela du \u00ab\u00a0message\u00a0\u00bb de Van Pebbles.<\/p>\n

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Compar\u00e9 aux polars de la \u00ab\u00a0Blaxploitation\u00a0\u00bb qui vont se multiplier dans les ann\u00e9es 70, Les Nuits rouges de Harlem<\/i> est un film sobre qui ne s\u2019emp\u00eatre pas dans le carnavalesque vestimentaire et le folklore ethnique de s\u00e9ries B souvent grotesques, b\u00e2cl\u00e9es et fauch\u00e9es. Glorifi\u00e9 par l’inusable th\u00e8me d’Isaac Hayes (qui lui vaudra l\u2019oscar de la meilleure chanson originale et un immense succ\u00e8s), Les Nuits rouges de Harlem<\/i> est un petit polar nonchalant dont la mollesse sympathique appara\u00eet aujourd\u2019hui comme un t\u00e9moignage formel d\u2019une \u00e9poque tr\u00e8s marqu\u00e9e par les s\u00e9ries t\u00e9l\u00e9vis\u00e9es.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dans le cadre de son \u00ab\u00a0Summer of Soul\u00a0\u00bb, ARTE diffuse ce soir \u00e0\u00a020h45 Les Nuits rouges de Harlem (Shaft, 1971).\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":116,"featured_media":10218,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nLes Nuits rouges de Harlem de Gordon Parks - Olivier P\u00e8re<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/2013\/08\/04\/les-nuits-rouges-de-harlem-de-gordon-parks\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Les Nuits rouges de Harlem de Gordon Parks - Olivier P\u00e8re\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Dans le cadre de son \u00ab\u00a0Summer of Soul\u00a0\u00bb, ARTE diffuse ce soir \u00e0\u00a020h45 Les Nuits rouges de Harlem (Shaft, 1971).\u2026\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/2013\/08\/04\/les-nuits-rouges-de-harlem-de-gordon-parks\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Olivier P\u00e8re\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2013-08-04T05:00:21+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2013-07-05T13:43:19+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/files\/2013\/07\/shaft_02.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2042\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1390\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Olivier P\u00e8re\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Olivier P\u00e8re\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/2013\/08\/04\/les-nuits-rouges-de-harlem-de-gordon-parks\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.arte.tv\/sites\/olivierpere\/2013\/08\/04\/les-nuits-rouges-de-harlem-de-gordon-parks\/\",\"name\":\"Les Nuits rouges de Harlem de Gordon Parks - 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