En guerre(s) pour l'Algérie (5/6)

In guerra per l'Algeria

At War for Algeria

Der Algerienkrieg (5/6)

Wojna o Algierię

La guerra de Argelia (5/6)

Despite his rallying ‘I understood you’ speech the previous year, De Gaulle finally plumps for a democratic route out of war via a referendum. The most radical French patriots felt betrayed by De Gaulle and unleashed their anger in Algiers. The GPRA and the FLN were divided over the issue. Could it really bring about independence?

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<p>Despite his rallying ‘I understood you’ speech the previous year, De Gaulle finally plumps for a democratic route out of war via a referendum. The most radical French patriots felt betrayed by De Gaulle and unleashed their anger in Algiers. The GPRA and the FLN were divided over the issue. Could it really bring about independence?</p>

Algerian Algeria! (5/6)

Despite his rallying ‘I understood you’ speech the previous year, De Gaulle finally plumps for a democratic route out of war: a referendum. 

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1 November 1954: Brahim, a bus driver, witnesses the killing of two passengers in the mountainous region of Aurès, Algeria. The attack, by the Algerian National Liberation Front, is one of many that take place that day in the French colony. It marked the beginning of a bitter and bloody war that would spell the end of French Algeria, a colony since 1830.

End of Empire (1/6)

1 November 1954: A seemingly random attack marked the beginning of a bitter and bloody war that would spell the end of colonial French Algeria.

In the name of keeping the peace, France violently repressed the revolt in Algeria with summary executions, torture and forced displacement. This galvanised the independence struggle even more. After attacks on colonial villages in August 1955, which caused 120 deaths, the massacres of some 10,000 Algerian civilians in reprisal fanned the flames of the insurrection.

Popular Uprising (2/6)

Repression was no longer enough: France had to 'win back the hearts and minds’ of the Algerians, so parts of the army embarked on a social mission with healthcare and social intervention. But the war raged on with Algerian liberation groups fighting a guerrilla war against the French and against each other using terror tactics while the French state, faltering in Paris, meted out repression and torture in order to keep control.

Terror and Guerrilla Warfare (3/6)

The FLN fought a guerrilla war using terrorism tactics whilst the French forces hit back with repression and torture.

Charles de Gaulle, the incarnation of the French Resistance during World War II, returns to power to form an emergency cabinet (the last of the Fourth Republic) and resolve the Algerian crisis. For the supporters of French Algeria, he is a saviour. The French army manages to beat back the insurgents with a new strategy. Calm seems to return in 1959, but how long will it last?

The Return of Charles de Gaulle (4/6)

Charles de Gaulle, the incarnation of the French Resistance during the second world war, returns to power to save French Algeria.

With the yes vote triumphant, the way looks set for Algerian independence. Anti-independence ultras form a civilian militia, the OAS, which carries out numerous attacks in Algeria and mainland France as the conflict continues to the bitter end.

Independence (6/6)

With the yes vote triumphant, the way looks set for Algerian independence but conflict continues to the bitter end.

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Thought to be impregnable, the French defensive barrier did not halt the German invasion in 1940.

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An investigation into a little-known story from the Second World War. Having planned and executed their mass murders, the Nazis meticulously eliminated traces of their crimes against humanity between 1942 and 1944: The so-called Operation 1005.

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The Nazis meticulously eliminated traces of their crimes against humanity between 1942 and 1944: The so-called Operation 1005.

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On February 14, 2003, in the UN Security Council, Dominique de Villepin refused ratify the Iraq war. He spoke on  behalf of peace and on behalf of the Iraqi people. But his warnings were never heeded and they still ring true today.

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In the aftermath of Franco's coup d'etat in 1936, Dolores Ibarruri took to the radio waves to call for resistance. Her famous phrase - No Pasarán - became a rallying call to action and continues to be used today.

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In the aftermath of Franco's coup d'etat in 1936, Dolores Ibarruri took to the radio waves to call for resistance

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The Marchioness Casati was admired throughout Europe for her incredible parties and expensive tastes. She was an eccentric patron of the arts, and her face appears again and again in the works of all the notable painters of her day. But she would rip through her inheritance by the age of fifty and end up wondering the streets of London, going though rubbish bins.

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On September 19, 1946, at the University of Zurich, Winston Churchill delivered one of his most famous speeches. He advocated for a United States of Europe and for forgiveness between France and Germany. He warned that the horrors of the past could still be repeated without fundamental change. 

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Behind his polite exterior lies a formidable leader with a ruthless character, ready to do anything to make China the world's leading power by the People’s Republic’s centenary in 2049. This well-documented portrait of the Chinese president gives an unprecedented insight into his politics and shows how Xi Jinping's personal journey has shaped his choices as he steers China towards world domination.

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Far away from the South Korean capital of Seoul is the Buddhist Gameunsa Temple. Three nuns live, pray and cook together here as they preserve the knowledge of centuries-old temple cuisine. The abbess of this small monastery is the charismatic Wookwan Sunim, revered in Asia as one of the best cooks in the world.

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After two months of fighting, the Russian troops had their advance towards the West blocked by fierce Ukrainian resistance. Forced to leave the suburbs of Kyiv, the occupying army left behind mass graves and horrific accounts of rape and abuse in their wake. Russia is now turning its efforts to the Dobas and the coastline along the Sea of ​​Azov. In Kyiv, the return of spring is also the return of many residents who had fled.

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The literary source for Richard Strauss’s opera immortalizing the degeneracy of Herodes Antipas, King of Judea, and his step-daughter Salome, was supplied by Oscar Wilde. It tells of Herodes, who is keeping the prophet Jochanaan captive inside a cistern. Salome tries to seduce him and on being rebuffed, forces her stepfather to serve her the prophet’s head on a silver platter.

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Rejected by the prophet Jochanaan, Salome forces her abusive stepfather to exact revenge.

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Three Japanese men have fallen under the charms of high school student Rinko, a character from the video game Love Plus. The game finally leads them to the seaside resort of Atami, where the virtual world and real life collides.

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The Supreme Court is now made of a majority of ultra-conservative judges since President Trump's term in office. The court now looks set to overturn the Roe v Wade case which gave women the constitutional right to have an abortion if they so wish or need. This worrying step backwards for women's rights doesn't mean women won't have abortions. It means they'll die trying.

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ARTE Concert Festival welcomes a legend, Damon Albarn. He performs his new album live: The Nearer the Fountain, More Pure the Stream Flows.

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In 2020, for the 250th anniversary of Beethoven's birth, Philippe Jordan and the Vienna Symphony Orchestra recreated the mythical evening of December 22 1808, when  the composer presented his Sixth Symphony, also known as his Pastoral.

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The Russian invasion of Ukraine has brought the people of Kyiv together like nothing else. Calling on the spirit of the Maidan Revolution of 2014, they are ready to resist.

Algerian Algeria! (5/6)

At War for Algeria

At War for Algeria

End of Empire (1/6)

At War for Algeria

Popular Uprising (2/6)

At War for Algeria

Terror and Guerrilla Warfare (3/6)

At War for Algeria

The Return of Charles de Gaulle (4/6)

At War for Algeria

Algerian Algeria! (5/6)

At War for Algeria

Independence (6/6)

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